Proposed Constitution
Hope for the future
ARTICLE I: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH (Part 2)
SECTION 2: Congressional Districts
a. Definition of Congressional Voting Districts
NOTE
The people are going to determine how they are taxed. Unfortunately, the people, and most politicians, do not understand economic factors that create and manage the money that controls a society and supports a government. Politicians use fear over the people in their attempts to be elected and reelected to office. Fear is the result of ignorance. Politicians use the National Debt, for example, to breed fear, when they cannot explain how the National Debt works, how it is paid, and why it exists. It was ascribed to Franklin D. Roosevelt that “…the only thing we have to fear is fear itself—nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts ….” Common sense explains that misunderstanding from ignorance breeds fear and corrupts peace and security. Fear always comes from ignorance. When a politician can stimulate fear in people, it creates a herd instinct, usually of anger, against something that the people do not understand.
Districts within the Republic shall be determined according to the total number of registered voters, divided by 50 Districts. Congressional District boundaries shall be redefined every four years by automatic Digital Boundary Definitions determined after the people have registered to vote during each four-year term. Digital Boundary Definitions shall be defined by the number of registered voters and concomitant with their physical proximity according to Article V of this Constitution.
b. District Titles
Each District may preserve the title of its former State, a combination of all, or choose another title by majority election of its registered voters.
NOTE
This provision allows the people to have more control over how law enforcement deals with them. Article IV (Inalienable Human Rights), Section 4 of this new Constitution, details the desires of the people in relation to domestic law enforcement agencies. Whereas Article IV, Section 4, gives a blueprint of what the people expect, this provision gives Congress its authority and responsibility to act. The people do not need different law enforcement agencies with different agendas, protocols, egos, and jurisdiction. One Federal Law Enforcement Agency will work more efficiently.
SECTION 3: The House
a. Number of Representatives
The House of Representatives of the Republic shall be composed of five hundred (500) Representatives, ten (10) from each District, and each Representative shall have one vote.
NOTE
This provision will not permit politicians to get rid of one of their own and replace that one with another of their own. The people will retain the right to elect the replacement. This will eliminate any politically motivated acts of impeachment and removal and protect the people’s rights to elect their Congressional Representatives and Judicial Officers.
b. Power of Impeachment
The House shall retain the power of impeachment, but no party shall be impeached without the concurrence of unanimity of the House as prescribed in Section 1(f.) of this Article.
NOTE
Impeachment does not mean removal from office. Impeachment is an official process used to reprimand or accuse a government official of wrongdoing. Congress must have the right and power to monitor and check itself. But it should not be given the power to remove a legally elected Representative from office. This right and power should always remain with the people. To keep one Representative from disagreeing and wanting to accuse another because of a personal vendetta, or one party attacking another, a unanimous vote of impeachment is required.
SECTION 4: The Senate
a. Number of Senators
The Senate of the Republic shall be composed of one hundred (100) Senators, two (2) from each District, and each Senator shall have one Vote.
NOTE
America is not just a location of a government, but also an ensign of liberty and justice for all people of the earth. Of all the nations on Earth, America has presented the greatest image of freedom and opportunity. Except for a few Native Americans, American ancestry entails all other races and cultures of the world. Americans should not occupy another country for the sake of American interests. The people of other countries need to be respected for their rights and desires to live as they desire. However, if the majority of any people living anywhere upon Earth desire to become American, there will no longer exist a need for them to immigrate to America to enjoy its laws and freedoms. They can stay where they live and enjoy the benefits of American law and protection. If the people rise up against their current governments because of corruption and desperation, and the people desire an American form of government, this provision gives Congress the power to legally annex that nation according to the will of its people. This new concept will shake up current foreign governments to change the way that they treat their people. Knowing that at anytime their people could hold an election and vote to become part of America, and that American Congress has the power to hear and support the voice of foreigners, is a huge threat to corrupt governments. This provision requires Congress to make sure that a legal and fair election is held in that part of the world. Of course, no foreign government is going to support an election that threatens it. This new Congressional authority exists to help the people incorporate a new government once they have overthrown their current government.
b. Power to Try Impeachments
The Senate shall retain the power to try all impeachments, whether of a Member of Congress, or of the President of the Republic, or of any Member of the Judicial Branch. The Senate shall receive and judge the evidence and findings of impeachment from the House of Representatives at trial. No impeached party shall be formally adjudged and convicted without the concurrence of unanimity of the Senate as prescribed in Section 1(f.) of this Article.
NOTE
There is a general misunderstanding by the public in regards to exactly what “impeachment” means. Impeachment does NOT mean removal from office. Impeachment is a formal process in which an official is accused of an impropriety, the outcome of which may include the 11 removal of that official from office as well as criminal or civil punishment if a law has been broken. Accusations of impropriety will always exist among the people’s Representatives because of human nature. Jealousies, envying, ridicule, and dislike between Representatives is inevitable. There is a greater possibility that these emotions and accusations will exist proportionately to the number of people because intimate relationship and friendships are less likely to form in the larger group of the Representatives of the House. Thus, although one Representative might formally accuse a rival of an impropriety, the Senate, with less people, therefore forming closer relationships between Senators, will be more apt to weigh the accusation and determine its validity. Furthermore, the people should have the right to impeach their own representatives, the President, or any Judge, lawyer, or other member of the Judicial Branch that has power or authority over them. For example, if a local Judge is continually out of line, the people can contact their respective Congressional Representative of that area and petition to have the Judge impeached.
c. Punishment of Impeachment and Conviction.
Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than reprimand and censure by the Senate; it shall not include removal from office. The impeached party shall be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to the law.
NOTE
This provision will not permit politicians to get rid of one of their own and replace that one with another of their own. The people will retain the right to elect the replacement. This will eliminate any politically motivated acts of impeachment and removal and protect the people’s rights to elect their Congressional Representatives and Judicial Officers.
d. Removal from Office of the Impeached.
Upon impeachment and conviction by judicial trial, the people of the convicted Member’s District shall hold the exclusive power to elect such Member’s replacement during a legally convened election according to the power of Congress to call such election. The majority vote of the people of the Republic during a legally held election shall be the only power that can replace any Member, President, or Judicial Officer in the event of impeachment by Congress and conviction by judicial trial.
NOTE
This provision will not permit politicians to get rid of one of their own and replace that one with another of their own. The people will retain the right to elect the replacement. This will eliminate any politically motivated acts of impeachment and removal and protect the people’s rights to elect their Congressional Representatives and Judicial Officers.
SECTION 5: Elections
a. Establishment of Elections
Pursuant to Article V of this Constitution, Congress shall oversee and establish the proceedings, laws, the times, places, manner, and pay the costs of registering to vote and of the general elections.
NOTE
The people are going to determine how they are taxed. Unfortunately, the people, and most politicians, do not understand economic factors that create and manage the money that controls a society and supports a government. Politicians use fear over the people in their attempts to be elected and reelected to office. Fear is the result of ignorance. Politicians use the National Debt, for example, to breed fear, when they cannot explain how the National Debt works, how it is paid, and why it exists. It was ascribed to Franklin D. Roosevelt that “…the only thing we have to fear is fear itself—nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts ….” Common sense explains that misunderstanding from ignorance breeds fear and corrupts peace and security. Fear always comes from ignorance. When a politician can stimulate fear in people, it creates a herd instinct, usually of anger, against something that the people do not understand.
SECTION 6: Rules of Proceedings and Adjournment
a. Congressional Self-rule
Each House shall determine the rules of its proceedings and adjournments, given that such rules are restricted to and comply with the authorities and powers granted by the Articles of this Constitution.
NOTE
Impeachment does not mean removal from office. Impeachment is an official process used to reprimand or accuse a government official of wrongdoing. Congress must have the right and power to monitor and check itself. But it should not be given the power to remove a legally elected Representative from office. This right and power should always remain with the people. To keep one Representative from disagreeing and wanting to accuse another because of a personal vendetta, or one party attacking another, a unanimous vote of impeachment is required.
SECTION 7: Congressional Assembly and Compensation
a. Full-time Employment Expectations
Congress shall be in session on a full-time basis in accordance with the same laws that determine the weekly and hourly minimums and maximums for the people of the Republic and according to the term limits established by this Constitution.
NOTE
This provision forces Congress to work hard at what they do, just like any normal full-time employee is required to work when compensated for any particular job. This provision will also motivate Congress to establish employment laws to which they personally will be subjected. There are too many perks provided to Congress when it comes to their absence during the time that they are supposed to be working for the benefit of the people. Although Section 6 of this Article allows Congress to monitor itself, the people need to include Constitutional guidelines that act like an Employee Policy Manual to keep their “employees” in line and focused on the job at hand.
b. Congressional Pay
Congress shall be paid an annual salary at a rate of two times that of the average annual income of the people of the Republic, and paid out of the Treasury of the Republic.
NOTE
The people are going to determine how they are taxed. Unfortunately, the people, and most politicians, do not understand economic factors that create and manage the money that controls a society and supports a government. Politicians use fear over the people in their attempts to be elected and reelected to office. Fear is the result of ignorance. Politicians use the National Debt, for example, to breed fear, when they cannot explain how the National Debt works, how it is paid, and why it exists. It was ascribed to Franklin D. Roosevelt that “…the only thing we have to fear is fear itself—nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts ….” Common sense explains that misunderstanding from ignorance breeds fear and corrupts peace and security. Fear always comes from ignorance. When a politician can stimulate fear in people, it creates a herd instinct, usually of anger, against something that the people do not understand.
c. Congressional Overtime Compensation
Only at times of national emergencies shall Congress be approved for overtime hours. Congress shall be paid an overtime hourly wage, in addition to their annual salary, commensurate with the average hourly overtime wage of the people of the Republic.
NOTE
In times of emergency when Congress will be required to spend more than 40 hours per week in session, they should be compensated appropriately, but not out of line with what the people, by law, make in the same situation. Congress will ONLY be paid outside of their regular salary, equal to the people, according to the laws that Congress establishes for overtime pay. Because Congress is guaranteed a salary, a provision must be included that compensates Congress when required to work longer hours than the people. “Only in times of national emergencies” keeps Congress from being compensated for staying late in session debating a bill that probably will not pass with a consensus of unanimity. If employees are allowed, they will justify the misuse of overtime hours that will increase their paycheck. This provision is fair to the person who works overtime but checks the reason for which the person is spending overtime hours. Any CEO of a for-profit company would ensure that the company is not losing profits to unscrupulous employees. The people of the Republic ARE the CEO of the Republic and their Representatives are their employees.
d. Congressional Vacation and Sick Leave
Congress shall be allowed 30 days a year of paid vacation, and shall be provided the same amount of personal and sick leave that is granted to every person under the Republic by law prescribed by Congress.
NOTE
Impeachment does not mean removal from office. Impeachment is an official process used to reprimand or accuse a government official of wrongdoing. Congress must have the right and power to monitor and check itself. But it should not be given the power to remove a legally elected Representative from office. This right and power should always remain with the people. To keep one Representative from disagreeing and wanting to accuse another because of a personal vendetta, or one party attacking another, a unanimous vote of impeachment is required.
e. Congressional Pensions
No Member of Congress shall receive a pension of any kind, at any time, for service in the Congress, unless the law equally provides such pension, of any kind, to all people of the Republic.
NOTE
The people are going to determine how they are taxed. Unfortunately, the people, and most politicians, do not understand economic factors that create and manage the money that controls a society and supports a government. Politicians use fear over the people in their attempts to be elected and reelected to office. Fear is the result of ignorance. Politicians use the National Debt, for example, to breed fear, when they cannot explain how the National Debt works, how it is paid, and why it exists. It was ascribed to Franklin D. Roosevelt that “…the only thing we have to fear is fear itself—nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts ….” Common sense explains that misunderstanding from ignorance breeds fear and corrupts peace and security. Fear always comes from ignorance. When a politician can stimulate fear in people, it creates a herd instinct, usually of anger, against something that the people do not understand.
SECTION 8: – Revenue Bills, Legislative Process, Veto Power
a. Raising Revenue by Taxation
All Legislative Bills for raising revenue for the Treasury of the Republic, to pay for the debts of the Republic, shall comply with and support the tax code described in Section 9(a.) below. Congress shall not raise revenue by any other means.
NOTE
The people are going to determine how they are taxed. Unfortunately, the people, and most politicians, do not understand economic factors that create and manage the money that controls a society and supports a government. Politicians use fear over the people in their attempts to be elected and reelected to office. Fear is the result of ignorance. Politicians use the National Debt, for example, to breed fear, when they cannot explain how the National Debt works, how it is paid, and why it exists. It was ascribed to Franklin D. Roosevelt that “…the only thing we have to fear is fear itself—nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts ….” Common sense explains that misunderstanding from ignorance breeds fear and corrupts peace and security. Fear always comes from ignorance. When a politician can stimulate fear in people, it creates a herd instinct, usually of anger, against something that the people do not understand.
b. Veto Power over the Consensus of Unanimity
No other branch of government shall possess veto power over any Bill passed into law by the consensus of unanimity of Congress.
NOTE
The Senate’s role is to consider the accusation and, upon determining its validity, issue reprimands and censures of the politician, President, Judge, or attorney. If the Senate determines that the impeachment is appropriate and valid, the impeached will then be tried for the crime by the proper judicial authority and subject to the penalties associated with the crime. The Senate does not hold judicial power or authority beyond its power to try impeachments and issue such reprimands and censures.
SECTION 9: Powers of Congress
a. Tax Code
TO pay the debts and constitutional obligations under Article IV, and for the common defense and general welfare of the Republic, Congress shall be limited to a consumption-based tax rate in its power to establish laws that lay and collect taxes, not to exceed 20%, and based on the annual Gross Domestic Product of the prior year applied to the following economic algorithm: (GS*100) ÷ (GDP – GS); where GDP = Gross Domestic Product and GS = Government Spending
NOTE
Impeachment does not mean removal from office. Impeachment is an official process used to reprimand or accuse a government official of wrongdoing. Congress must have the right and power to monitor and check itself. But it should not be given the power to remove a legally elected Representative from office. This right and power should always remain with the people. To keep one Representative from disagreeing and wanting to accuse another because of a personal vendetta, or one party attacking another, a unanimous vote of impeachment is required.
b. Creating Electronic Currency; the Elimination of a Cash-based Economy
TO fund the difference between the tax revenue and the Republic’s debts, Congress shall have the power to issue currency, fix the standard, measures, and regulate the value thereof, likewise that of any foreign currency in relation to American currency. All currency, its standards and measures, shall be of an electronic nature. Congress shall not have the power to coin or print money of any type. All financial transactions between the people of the Republic, or between them and any foreign entity, shall be of an electronic nature.
NOTE
Impeachment does not mean removal from office. Impeachment is an official process used to reprimand or accuse a government official of wrongdoing. Congress must have the right and power to monitor and check itself. But it should not be given the power to remove a legally elected Representative from office. This right and power should always remain with the people. To keep one Representative from disagreeing and wanting to accuse another because of a personal vendetta, or one party attacking another, a unanimous vote of impeachment is required.
c. Power to Regulate Inflation on Human Basic Necessities
TO regulate the inflation on the cost of the goods and services provided under Article IV, not to exceed 1.5% per annum. Congress shall have no power to regulate the inflation on any other goods or services.
NOTE
For example, because of its overwhelming number of residents, California could retain the name, “California District” (and gain an additional 5 new Districts); whereas, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Nevada and Arizona, whose combined populations equal that of California, might adopt the name, “Pacific-Western District.” During any election, the current District Representatives can offer certain names for the District on the general ballot of that District, along with the option to retain the present title. This allows the people of a District, whose boundaries might change drastically during an election registration, depending on the number of people who register to vote, to rename their District at the next election.
d. Power to Support Infrastructure
TO establish, support, and maintain a modern and sound infrastructure of the Republic according to the needs and wants of its people.
NOTE
This gives Congress the power to build roads, bridges, dams, canals, aqueducts, windmill farms, nuclear reactors, and whatever else is necessary to provide for the needs and wants of the people. No longer will the people be dependent on local governments to repair roads and ensure a quality supply of the utilities that make it easier to live. The bureaucracy of local governments is eliminated by the loss of power of each State and local government. Federal programs and authorities are much better financed and overseen than local administration. Federally funded programs have proven over time to be much more efficient and controlled than locally funded projects. A big part of this is the ability of the Federal government to create money to finance these projects. Furthermore, most State and local governments already depend on Federal funding for many of their projects. Without the infusion of capital into State and local programs, not much would get accomplished. Taking out the middleman (State and local governments) will reduce much of the red tape and bureaucracy and get things done more efficiently and timely. The people should not have to wade through a mess of politics to get action taken on their needs and wants.
e. Power to Regulate Copyrights, Patents, and Trademarks
TO promote the progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors, the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.
NOTE
America is not just a location of a government, but also an ensign of liberty and justice for all people of the earth. Of all the nations on Earth, America has presented the greatest image of freedom and opportunity. Except for a few Native Americans, American ancestry entails all other races and cultures of the world. Americans should not occupy another country for the sake of American interests. The people of other countries need to be respected for their rights and desires to live as they desire. However, if the majority of any people living anywhere upon Earth desire to become American, there will no longer exist a need for them to immigrate to America to enjoy its laws and freedoms. They can stay where they live and enjoy the benefits of American law and protection. If the people rise up against their current governments because of corruption and desperation, and the people desire an American form of government, this provision gives Congress the power to legally annex that nation according to the will of its people. This new concept will shake up current foreign governments to change the way that they treat their people. Knowing that at anytime their people could hold an election and vote to become part of America, and that American Congress has the power to hear and support the voice of foreigners, is a huge threat to corrupt governments. This provision requires Congress to make sure that a legal and fair election is held in that part of the world. Of course, no foreign government is going to support an election that threatens it. This new Congressional authority exists to help the people incorporate a new government once they have overthrown their current government.
f. Power to Declare War
TO declare War, and call for the Military to execute the laws of the Republic and protect this Constitution and its authorities from any insurrections or invasion, both domestic and foreign, and regulate the means of war to the discipline and adherence to humane principles, if such principles are possible.
NOTE
Impeachment does not mean removal from office. Impeachment is an official process used to reprimand or accuse a government official of wrongdoing. Congress must have the right and power to monitor and check itself. But it should not be given the power to remove a legally elected Representative from office. This right and power should always remain with the people. To keep one Representative from disagreeing and wanting to accuse another because of a personal vendetta, or one party attacking another, a unanimous vote of impeachment is required.
g. Power to Support the Military
TO raise and support the four branches of the Military: Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps; and TO assign their particular duties, and establish their protocols and proceedings. Congress shall have no power to appoint or command any branch of the Military, for any reason. TO provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the Military, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the Republic. Congress shall cede to the President the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Military according to the discipline prescribed by Congress.
NOTE
This provision will not permit politicians to get rid of one of their own and replace that one with another of their own. The people will retain the right to elect the replacement. This will eliminate any politically motivated acts of impeachment and removal and protect the people’s rights to elect their Congressional Representatives and Judicial Officers.
h. Power to Establish One Federal Law Enforcement Agency
TO raise and support a single Federal Law Enforcement Agency whose jurisdiction shall not extend beyond the borders of the Republic, which border includes any of its holdings as acquired in compliance with Article I, Section 9(i.); and TO assign their particular duties, and establish their protocols and proceedings. TO give this Agency the necessary authorities and rights to protect and execute the laws of the Republic and this Constitution; TO determine a just punishment for any citizen of the Republic or for any foreign person who violates any law within the boundaries of the Republic. Congress shall pass no law granting immunity from punishment to any person, for any reason, at any time.
NOTE
This provision allows the people to have more control over how law enforcement deals with them. Article IV (Inalienable Human Rights), Section 4 of this new Constitution, details the desires of the people in relation to domestic law enforcement agencies. Whereas Article IV, Section 4, gives a blueprint of what the people expect, this provision gives Congress its authority and responsibility to act. The people do not need different law enforcement agencies with different agendas, protocols, egos, and jurisdiction. One Federal Law Enforcement Agency will work more efficiently.
i. Power to Allow Other Nations to Become Part of the Republic of America
TO extend the boundaries of the Republic and the protection of its laws to any foreign nation or entity, whose people, by the majority of their individual votes, desire to become part of the Republic. Any application to become part of the Republic must be made to Congress by the voice of the majority of that foreign people through legal and congressionally verified election results; TO support the implementation of American law in any part of the world where the Republic holds authority and jurisdiction by the will of the people of that area.
NOTE
America is not just a location of a government, but also an ensign of liberty and justice for all people of the earth. Of all the nations on Earth, America has presented the greatest image of freedom and opportunity. Except for a few Native Americans, American ancestry entails all other races and cultures of the world. Americans should not occupy another country for the sake of American interests. The people of other countries need to be respected for their rights and desires to live as they desire. However, if the majority of any people living anywhere upon Earth desire to become American, there will no longer exist a need for them to immigrate to America to enjoy its laws and freedoms. They can stay where they live and enjoy the benefits of American law and protection. If the people rise up against their current governments because of corruption and desperation, and the people desire an American form of government, this provision gives Congress the power to legally annex that nation according to the will of its people. This new concept will shake up current foreign governments to change the way that they treat their people. Knowing that at anytime their people could hold an election and vote to become part of America, and that American Congress has the power to hear and support the voice of foreigners, is a huge threat to corrupt governments. This provision requires Congress to make sure that a legal and fair election is held in that part of the world. Of course, no foreign government is going to support an election that threatens it. This new Congressional authority exists to help the people incorporate a new government once they have overthrown their current government.
j. Power to Create Laws to Protect the Constitution
TO make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the Republic, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
NOTE
America is not just a location of a government, but also an ensign of liberty and justice for all people of the earth. Of all the nations on Earth, America has presented the greatest image of freedom and opportunity. Except for a few Native Americans, American ancestry entails all other races and cultures of the world. Americans should not occupy another country for the sake of American interests. The people of other countries need to be respected for their rights and desires to live as they desire. However, if the majority of any people living anywhere upon Earth desire to become American, there will no longer exist a need for them to immigrate to America to enjoy its laws and freedoms. They can stay where they live and enjoy the benefits of American law and protection. If the people rise up against their current governments because of corruption and desperation, and the people desire an American form of government, this provision gives Congress the power to legally annex that nation according to the will of its people. This new concept will shake up current foreign governments to change the way that they treat their people. Knowing that at anytime their people could hold an election and vote to become part of America, and that American Congress has the power to hear and support the voice of foreigners, is a huge threat to corrupt governments. This provision requires Congress to make sure that a legal and fair election is held in that part of the world. Of course, no foreign government is going to support an election that threatens it. This new Congressional authority exists to help the people incorporate a new government once they have overthrown their current government.
k. Power to Amend the Constitution
TO amend this Constitution by the consensus of unanimity.
NOTE
This provision will not permit politicians to get rid of one of their own and replace that one with another of their own. The people will retain the right to elect the replacement. This will eliminate any politically motivated acts of impeachment and removal and protect the people’s rights to elect their Congressional Representatives and Judicial Officers.
Section 10: Limits on Congress
Congress shall be limited in its powers according to the provisions and Articles described in this Constitution. Congress shall not have the power to supersede, at any time, the powers and authorities granted to it by this Constitution.
This provision establishes the power and significance of this Constitution and makes it very, very hard to amend the Constitution and establish laws that in any way bypass or circumvent the desires of the people who created this Constitution for themselves, by themselves, and of themselves.